Beacause of the hydraulic jump unstable behavior in adverse-slope stilling basins downstream of sloping beds, the jump toe is transmitted on sloping bed. Therefore, formation of the B-F jump is common in practice. In this research, using dimensional analysis and Incomplete Self-Similarity (ISS) theorem, a general equation was derived to computation of the sequent depth ratio of a B-F jump on smooth sloping bed. The experiments were conducted in a physical model for three different slopes of upstream channel (13. 5, 21. 5 and 29. 5 degree) and downstream stilling basin (-0. 05,-0. 1 and-0. 15 %). The results showed that the sequent depth ratio decreases as the slope of stilling basin increases so that for the stilling basin with the slope of 0. 15 % and for the constant position of the jump (E0=0. 5), the sequent depth ratio decreases about 60% compared with the slope of 0. 05%. Then, the roller length was investigated and based on relative energy loss in the jump a general equation was derived to calculate the roller length of a B-F jump. The results showed that the equation of roller length is independent of upstream channel and stilling basin slopes. Finally, using all of the experimental data the required coefficients were calculated and the mean percentage errors were obtained 8. 71 and 13. 31 % for the sequent depth and roller lenghth equations respectively.

Water resources scarcity and increasing demand have led to unbalanced supply-demand in the watersheds and water systems. Therefore, planning for efficient allocation has been a matter of importance. To resolve water allocation problems, various models and tools have been developed. Selection of these models is also another issue that needs to be done by an holistic approach. WEAP and MIKE basin are two of the well known models in this regard and comparison of their abilities construct objective of the present paper. To do this, capabilities and features of the two models were firstly outlined. Then in two assumptive examples, models were compared based on priority-base allocation and reservoir operation. Furthermore, models ran for a part of Talvar River as one of the main tributaries of the Ghezelozan River. This system consists of ten water demand nodes (domestic and agriculture) and three reservoirs. The results showed that in the priority-base allocation the performances were different, but they were identical in the operation rules and reservoir simulation. The results of reliability index showed that MIKE basin simulation matched better with reality due to their ability to extract more water. While, WEAP showed better results for optimization and even distribution of deficits among nodes.

Seed priming is one of the seed improvement methods that could increase seed performance (germination and emergence) under stress conditions, such as salinity, temperature and drought stress. In order to study the effect of seed priming on seed germination index and some physiological properties of sweet corn in different levels of salinity, an experiment conducted based on completely randomized design with factorial arrangement with three replications. Sweet corn grain was primed with 2% potassium chloride, 3% potassium nitrate, polyethylene glycol (8000) 10%, potassium dehydrogenate phosphate 1% and one treatment as a control at 20oC for 24 hours and then primed grain were treated with four levels of NaCl concentration (0, 50, 100,150, mM). Results showed that seed priming and salinity had significant effect on germination rate, germination percent and some antioxidants such as catalase and peroxidase. In general, results of this experiment revealed that seed priming improved the seed vigor and increased resistance to salinity stress at germination stage.

Priming is one of the seed enhancement methods that might be resulted in increased seed performance (germination and emergence) under stress conditions, such as salinity, temperature and drought stress. In order to study the effect of seed priming on seed germination index and some of physiological properties of super sweet corn in different levels of salinity, an experiment conducted with two factors that arranged as factorial  based on completely randomize design with three replications. Factors were consisted five levels of seed priming solutions (2% potassium chloride, 3% potassium nitrate, polyethylene glycol (8000) 10%, 1% potassium dehydrogenate phosphate with control) and four NaCl concentration (0, 50, 100,150, mM). Results showed seed priming and salinity had significant effect on shoot and root length and activity of antioxidants enzyme (ascorbat peroxidase and super oxide dismutase). In general results of this experiment revealed that seed priming improved the seed vigor and increased resistance to salinity stress at germination stage.

Now days, water allocation issue is the main problem of decision makers and stakeholders in the majority of catchment basins. The stream flow is the most important information for simulation and modeling of water resources systems allocation. In the other hand, in recent years, trend of stream flows decreased in downstream because of development of agriculture lands and enhancement of stream flows withdrawals. In this study, allocation of water resources systems has investigated under conditions of existing trend and detrending of stream flow by using MIKE basin model. In this study, allocation of water resources system has been done for trend, first detrended (in order to management of upstream) and second detrended (in order to management of downstream) time series in Soofi Chai basin. In order to detect the trend of annual stream flow, has been also used non-parametric methods such as Mann-Kendall, Theil-Sen and Spearman Rho. The results showed a decreasing significant trend of Soofi Chai stream flow at 95% confidence level but, there was no significant trend in the Chekan Chai stream flow. Moreover, the results of model simulation, showed that the relative deficit percent of consumption nodes has increased in first detrended status and has decreased in second detrended status relative deficit percent in comparison with existing trend status, respectively. As, for agricultural nodes 1 and 2 has decreased 18 and 1.9 percent, respectively in comparison with first detrended status. In addition, this relative deficit for these nodes has increased 42 and 25 percent in comparison with second detrended status.

In order to manage the fair allocation to water users associations (WUA)s, application of analytical and integrated method is the way to increase the capacity of water supply and appropriate use of these resources. Various models and tools have been developed in recent years to simulate equitable allocation of water issues and supply and demand analysis. MIKEbasin model is one of these capable models. In this study, water resources planning at 5 WUAs of the watershed of Babol river was performed by MIKEbasin model. These areas have demand and its own allocated water and 15 years data from each demand point was entered into the model. Results showed that in time water of Babol River was not adequate to supply WUAs demand. Therefore, using wetlands and groundwater is essential to supply their demands. Also, the results of sensitivity analysis showed that the discharge of watershed had the most effect on the outputs of model among all other parameters. Therefore this parameter should be measured or be predicted accurately.

In this study, water resources Decision Support System (DSS), estimates quantitative indicators based on environmental, social and economical criteria under climate scenarios in the Aras river basin. The DSS, analysis the effects of management alternatives on Balance of supply and demand with simulated the water allocation between agricultural, domestic, and industrial demands. The Mike basin water allocation model linked to Excel spreadsheet to evaluate the performance of 9 proposed indicators of management options and Multi Criteria Decision Making analysis 'TOPSIS' is used to determine the best management options. The results have indicated that the option of 'Reduce losses and Increase efficiency' in the optimistic scenario and the option of 'Reduce losses and Reduce cultivated area' in the pessimistic and business as usual scenarios are in the first ranking. The individually alternatives of 'Don't water transfer to Urmia Lake basin' and 'Decrease cultivated area ' are in the last ranking.